Interaction Institute for Social Change | Artist: Angus Maguire
Summary:
By the end of this article, you will understand the difference between equity and equality and why an equity approach is essential for effective sexuality/healthy relationships education for people with I/DD.
Equity Versus Equality: What Is the Difference?
Have you ever wondered what the words equity and equality really mean?
They might sound similar, but they are very different — and understanding that difference is key to making sexuality education fair, effective, and truly inclusive.
The tallest person can already see over the fence.
The middle person can now see the game.
But the shortest person still cannot see, even with the box.
Equity (right side of the picture)
The boxes are provided based on each person’s needs.
The tallest person does not get a box.
The middle person gets one box.
The shortest person gets two boxes so they can see over the fence.
Now all three people can enjoy the game.
Equity means giving people what they need so everyone has a fair chance to succeed.
How This Applies to Sexuality Education
Just as the picture shows that each person needs different boxes to see the game, sexuality education should give people the support and tools they need to learn effectively about topics like relationships, consent, their bodies, and safety.
If every student is given the exact same curriculum, that might be equal, but it will not work for everyone. Some people learn best by reading, others by watching videos, some by hands-on discussion, some by pictures and plain language, or a combination of methods. People with intellectual or developmental disabilities (I/DD) need lessons presented in ways that match how they learn.
Equity in Sexuality Education Means
1. Accessible formats for learning
Some learners need lessons in easy-to-read language or with pictures. Others might learn better through videos, audio, or hands-on activities.
2. Extra support or tools when needed
Some people with I/DD might need repetition, practice, or checklists. People with visual impairments might need large-print materials or materials formatted for screen readers.
3. Teaching at the learner’s pace
Some people need more time to process. Giving extra sessions or one-on-one instruction ensures they fully understand the material.
4. Creating safe spaces for questions
Offering private time, small-group discussions, or anonymous question boxes allows everyone to ask questions comfortably.
5. Culturally or personally relevant content
Lessons should reflect diversity so everyone sees themselves represented and can relate to the material. Getting the same lesson is not always fair if it does not help everyone learn. Equity means giving each person what they need so everyone ends up with the same understanding.
What You Can Do
Know the difference between equality and equity.
Figure out what you or the person you support needs. Ask yourself: How do I learn best? Do I need pictures? Videos? Easy-to-understand words? Hands-on practice?
Speak up for what you need. If a worksheet, video, or lesson is hard to understand, it is okay to say so. You have the right to get information in a way that works for you.
Why This Matters
When sexuality education is equitable, people with I/DD gain the knowledge and skills they need to lead safer, healthier, and more fulfilling lives. Equity helps turn good intentions into real understanding and empowerment.
Katherine McLaughlin, M.Ed., AASECT Certified Sexuality Educator, is the Founder, CEO, and Lead Trainer for Elevatus Training. She has been a sexuality educator and trainer for over 30 years. As a national expert on sexuality and intellectual and developmental disabilities, she trains professionals and parents, as well as people with I/DD, to become sexual self-advocates and peer sexuality educators.
